Audio Specifications and Standards
From UA Libraries Digital Services Planning and Documentation
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***[http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/projects/sounddirections/papersPresent/sd_bp_07.pdf Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation]. (2007) Casey, Mike & Bruce Gordon. Bloomington, IN/Cambridge, MA. | ***[http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/projects/sounddirections/papersPresent/sd_bp_07.pdf Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation]. (2007) Casey, Mike & Bruce Gordon. Bloomington, IN/Cambridge, MA. | ||
**[http://www.grammy.com/PDFs/GRAMMY_Foundation/Methodology_2009_Final.pdf Grammy foundation® Basic Methodology for Preservation, Conversion and Archiving Recorded Media]. (revised 2008) Grammy Foundation, Santa Monica, CA. | **[http://www.grammy.com/PDFs/GRAMMY_Foundation/Methodology_2009_Final.pdf Grammy foundation® Basic Methodology for Preservation, Conversion and Archiving Recorded Media]. (revised 2008) Grammy Foundation, Santa Monica, CA. | ||
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| + | *File Formats | ||
| + | **[http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml] | ||
| + | **[http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000003.shtml] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Audio Decision Lists (ADL) | ||
| + | **[http://mixonline.com/mag/audio_aeseliminating_file_exchange/] | ||
| + | **[http://mixonline.com/mag/audio_aeseliminating_file_exchange/] | ||
Revision as of 15:18, 14 May 2009
Contents |
Sound Forge 9.0 (Sony):
Introduction:
The following provides a brief overview of our standard audio specifications.
Technical Information:
Default File/Output Settings
- masters: .wav/WAVE at 24-bit/44.1khz
- note: IASA TC-04 calls for a minimum sampling rate of 48kHz (preferably 96kHz) [1]. We will discontinue use of 44.1kHz sampling rates pending confirmation of appropriate storage space as 24/48 vs 24/44.1 should yield only an 8% increase in space requirements.- arora, 051309
- note: Our current audio suite Sound Forge does not support export/save of the preferred BWF, Broadcast Wave format. - arora, 051309
- typically, 2s of silence is left or created at the beginning of each .wav, with 1s at the end.
- RMS levels are typically set fairly low, to -25db
- deliverables: .rm/Real Audio 8 at 16-bit/44.1kHz, 105 kbps (stereo)
- in the near future, our workflow will allow for some enhancement of the Real Audio files (dynamic range compression, higher RMS levels) in order for delivery of pragmatic derivatives; with the preservation .wav file unaffected by such enhancements.
Associated Hardware
Resources and Links:
- Digitization and Preservation Standards
- TAPE (Training for Audiovisual Preservation in Europe). European Commission on Preservation and Access, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Capturing Analog Sound for Digital Preservation: Report of a Roundtable Discussion of Best Practices for Tranferring Analog Discs and Tapes. (2006) Council on Library and Information Resources and Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
- Sound Directions - project website, maintained by Indiana University Digital Library Program.
- Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation. (2007) Casey, Mike & Bruce Gordon. Bloomington, IN/Cambridge, MA.
- Grammy foundation® Basic Methodology for Preservation, Conversion and Archiving Recorded Media. (revised 2008) Grammy Foundation, Santa Monica, CA.
